Shoulder Subluxation and Workers’ Compensation in Illinois

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A shoulder injury can make even simple tasks, like reaching, lifting, or getting dressed, painful and difficult. One common workplace injury is a shoulder subluxation, which can be just as serious and debilitating as a full shoulder dislocation.

A shoulder subluxation occurs when the upper arm bone (the humerus) partially slips out of its socket (the glenoid). Unlike a full dislocation (where the bone completely separates from the socket), a subluxation means the joint becomes unstable, but not entirely disconnected.

Even though the bone may “pop back” into place on its own, the injury often damages the ligaments, tendons, and muscles that keep the shoulder stable. Over time, this instability can lead to chronic pain, weakness, and recurring injuries. If you suffered this type of injury at work, you may be entitled to workers’ compensation benefits to cover your medical care, lost wages, and rehab.

Common Causes of Shoulder Subluxation at Work

Shoulder subluxations can happen in a number of workplace settings, especially in jobs that require physical labor or repetitive upper-body movement. Many injuries occur from lifting heavy objects or using improper lifting techniques, which can strain the shoulder joint. Falls or slips, especially when landing on an outstretched arm, can also cause the bone to partially dislocate. Workers who frequently reach overhead, such as painters, stock clerks, or construction workers, are at higher risk due to repetitive strain. Even forceful pushing or pulling motions, or a sudden jerking movement from a heavy tool or machine, can lead to a subluxation. Although less common, office workers may also experience shoulder instability from repetitive strain or poor ergonomics.

Symptoms of and Treatment for a Shoulder Subluxation

A shoulder subluxation can cause significant pain and functional limitations. Symptoms may include:

• A feeling that the shoulder “popped” or “slipped” out of place
• Pain and swelling around the shoulder joint
• Weakness or numbness in the arm or hand
• Limited range of motion
• A sensation of looseness or instability in the shoulder

If you experience these symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor immediately. Continuing to use the arm can worsen the damage and delay recovery.

Treatment depends on the severity of the injury but often begins with immobilization, using a sling or brace to keep the shoulder stable while it heals. Physical therapy is usually recommended to strengthen the rotator cuff and shoulder muscles, helping to restore stability and improve range of motion. Many patients also take anti-inflammatory medication to reduce pain and swelling. In more severe or recurring cases, surgery may be required to repair torn ligaments or stabilize the joint. Recovery can take anywhere from several weeks to a few months, depending on the extent of the injury and the treatment plan.

Workers’ Compensation for Shoulder Subluxation

If your shoulder subluxation happened at work or was caused by repetitive job-related movements, you’re likely eligible for Illinois workers’ compensation benefits. These benefits can include coverage for all medical treatment related to your injury, temporary total disability (TTD) payments while you can’t work, and permanent partial disability (PPD) benefits if you have lasting limitations. Vocational rehabilitation is another possible benefit if you can’t return to your previous job.